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Check out this page for step-by-step instructions on how to learn C++ Date and Time Functions with Examples. C++ Date and Time Functions with Examples. In this tutorial, we will discuss the date and time manipulation in C++.
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We will learn about the date and time formats in C++ as we go over them. Since C++ doesn’t have a full format for date and time, we take it from the C language. To use date and time in a C++ program, the header file must be added. Std::ctime. The ctime() function in C++ changes the given time since the beginning of time to a local calendar time and then to a string of characters. It is defined in the header file. This header was originally in the C standard library as time.h" . Further, this header is part of the C-style date and time library. Www – the day of the week ( Mon , Tue , Wed , Thu , Fri , Sat , Sun ). Mmm – the month ( Jan , Feb , Mar , Apr , May , Jun , Jul , Aug , Sep , Oct , Nov , Dec ). dd – the day of the month hh – hours mm – minutes ss – seconds yyyy – years. Types of ctime. The header has four types that deal with time. They are tm, clock_t, time_t, and size_t. Each type, clock_t, size_t, and time_t, use an integer to represent the system time and date. Clock_t – It stands for arithmetic type, also known as clock type. It shows how many times a clock ticks (units of a time of a constant with system-specific length). Clock_t is the type that clock()/ gives back. Time_t – It represents time_type. It indicates the time returned by the function time() . It returns an integral value as the number of seconds elapsed when 00:00 hours have passed. Size_t – It is an alias for the unsigned integer data type and represents the size in bytes of any object. Size_t represents the output of the sizeof() operator, which displays sizes and counts. tm – tm structure stores date and time information of C structure. The “tm” Structure. The tm structure holds the date and time of the C structure. Here’s how to define the “ tm ” structure : Date & Time Functions In C++ With Examples. Programming Example. The following code example calculates the current time in local and GMT format and displays it. Program Explanation. The time function is used in the above example to get the current time, which is then formatted as a string. In the same way, it gets GMT using the “ gmtime ” function and turns it into a string using the “ asctime ” function. Later, it tells the user what time it is in GMT. Output: Here is the output: How can I get the current time and date in C++? Here is an example to get the current date and time in the C++ language: Explanation. The code to get the current date and time is in the main() section of the above program. In this case, the return type of variable now is time_t . The current time and date are found using the built-in function time() . Output. Here is the output: Format Time using struct tm. When working with dates and times in C or C++, the tm structure is very important. As was said above, this structure holds the date and time in the form of a C structure. tm structure is used most of the time by functions that are related to each other. When I use structure in this chapter, I assume you know the basics of C structure and how to use the arrow -> operator to get to structure members. Program Example. Following is an example that makes use of various date and time-related functions and tm structure − Output: When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result. Explanation. As the above output shows, we got the local time and then showed the year, month, day, and time in the format of “hour: minutes: seconds.” Conclusion. In summary, the main focus of this session, C++ Date and Time Functions with Examples was to get deeper into what C++ is: Std::ctime , its type, and the “ tm ” structure, as well as example programs of date and time functions in C++.